Explore the steps utilized in the construction of a charge-coupled device (CCD) as a portion of an individual pixel gate is fabricated on a silicon wafer simultaneously with thousands or even millions of neighboring elements.

	Interactive Java Tutorial
ATTENTION Our servers have detected that your web browser does not have the Java Virtual Machine installed or it is not functioning properly. Please install this software in order to view our interactive Java tutorials. Visitors using the Netscape and Microsoft Internet Explorer browsers can download the appropriate software from the websites where the browsers are distributed. Please do not contact us for information about specific URLs where this software can be obtained.

To operate the tutorial, use the blue Forward arrow button to toggle through the various steps necessary to fabricate the CCD. After the second step has been loaded, a Back arrow button appears, which may be used to step backwards through the tutorial. A text window displays information about the individual steps as they appear in the graphics window. When all of the fabrication steps have been completed, simulated photons start bombarding the microlens surface of the CCD. At this point, two sliders appear, which control both the color (wavelength) and the intensity of the photons striking the CCD. Use the Illumination Wavelength slider to vary the photon wavelength, and the Photon Intensity slider to adjust the density of photons striking the microlens surface. Also, the Forward button simultaneously changes into a Stop button that will halt photon movement when clicked. Clicking the Stop changes it into a Start button that will restart photon motion.