Antelopes are even-toed ruminants belonging to the family Bovidae, order Artiodactyla. This family includes bison, buffalo, cattle, sheep and goats. Antelopes are herbivores, native to Africa and parts of Asia. Pronghorn antelopes, which belong to the family Antilocapridae, are native to North America, but aren't true antelopes because they annually shed the outer sheath of their branched horns unlike other antelope species.

The name "antelope" comes from the Greek antholops, meaning "brightness of the eye". Typically they have a short and glossy coat with a white underside. Antelopes are cud chewers. They don't have biting teeth, but tear grass from the stem by exerting pressure with the lower teeth against the upper gum pad. Food is swallowed whole and later regurgitated in small wads for thorough chewing.

Over 100 species of antelopes have been classified and exhibit a wide range of variations. Shoulder heights can range from 12 inches (pygmy) to 6 feet (giant eland). Their hollow horns vary from very short to very long, straight to curved, ringed to spiral. One uniting characteristic is that antelopes are all fast runners. They are second only to the cheetah, reaching 60 mph and they have been rumored to reach even 70 and 80 mph. Antelopes are capable of reaching such speeds because of oversized tracheas, huge lungs and hearts that lend them the power to consume and process large amounts of oxygen.

Unfortunately, many species of Antelope have become endangered over the past 30 years. Aside from their natural predators including lions, leopards and wild dogs they also suffer from human hunting and habitat depredation. One seriously endangered species is the Tibetan antelope, also called the "chiru." These animals have been relentlessly hunted for their wool, known as "shahtoosh". The wool of one antelope can be sold in the illegal fashion market for over $40,000. Other species, such as the pronghorn antelope, are thriving. In the state of Wyoming, there are more pronghorn antelope then people.